Kubudiswa kwehuwandu hwemapfudze kwakatokanganisa kuvandudzwa kwezvakatipoteredza, saka nyaya yekurapa manyowa yave pedyo. Pamberi pehuwandu hwakadaro hwekusvibiswa kwetsvina uye kukurumidza kukura kwekupfuya mhuka, zvakakosha kuita kurapa kusingakuvadzi kwekusvibiswa kwefecal mumapurazi emukaka. Idzi dzinotevera nzira dzinoverengeka dzekubatsira mamwe mabhizinesi zvinobudirira kubata kusvibiswa kwetsvina kuti awane zvakanaka zvehupfumi. Panguva imwecheteyo, ndinotarisira kupa humwe hwaro hwehutsananguro hwekurapa mupfudze wemombe.
Parizvino, kugadzirwa kwezvipfuyo kwakonzera kusvibiswa kwenharaunda kwakanyanya, kunyanya tsvina inobva kumapurazi makuru emombe. Nekuda kwekuti tsvina yemombe yakaenzana nekubuda kwetsvina yevanhu vangangosvika makumi maviri, magadzirirwo nemazvo uye nemazvo etsvina yave nyaya yekukurumidzira kugadziriswa.
Kubudiswa kwehuwandu hwemapfudze kwakatokanganisa kuvandudzwa kwezvakatipoteredza, saka nyaya yekurapa manyowa yave pedyo. Pamberi pehuwandu hwakadaro hwekusvibiswa kwetsvina uye kukurumidza kukura kwekupfuya mhuka, zvakakosha kuita kurapa kusingakuvadzi kwekusvibiswa kwefecal mumapurazi emukaka. Idzi dzinotevera nzira dzinoverengeka dzekubatsira mamwe mabhizinesi zvinobudirira kubata kusvibiswa kwetsvina kuti awane zvakanaka zvehupfumi. Panguva imwecheteyo, ndinotarisira kupa humwe hwaro hwehutsananguro hwekurapa mupfudze wemombe.
1. Kurapa kusingakuvadzi uye kushandisa zviwanikwa zvetsvina.
Kana yakasandurwa zvakanaka, mupfudze wemombe unogona kushandurwa kuita fetereza yekurima yakakosha kana chikafu chezvipfuyo. Nzira huru dzekugadzirisa feteraiza dzinosanganisira:
① Fertilization uye kushandiswa. Kushandura manyowa kuita fetiraiza yezvipenyu kana kuwedzera zvimwe zvinhu kuti igadzirise ivhu ndiyo zvakare nzira inoshanda zvakanyanya parizvino.
② Mutengo wekushandisa kwekudya. Zvinonyanya kureva kugadzikwa kwezvinenge zvasara kubva pakugadzira ndove yemombe kuti zvidyiwe. Zvakadaro, dzimwe nyanzvi hadzikurudzire kushandisa nzira iyi nekuda kwenjodzi huru yezvirwere uye nemhodzi yezvakatipoteredza mumarara emombe.
③ Kushandiswa kwesimba. Inogona kushandiswa mubiogas uye magetsi ekugadzira engineering masisitimu.
2. Nzira dzakakosha dzekurapa ndove yemombe
Kuunganidza, kuchengeta, nekushandura ndove yemombe papurazi remombe chinhu chakakosha zvikuru. Kutadza kushandura ndove yemombe nenguva kwayo kunogona kukonzera kusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza, kuparara kwevhu, nemamwe matambudziko. Nokudaro, nzira dzinoshanda dzinofanira kutorwa kurapa tsvina.
① Kupatsanura kwakanyorova uye kwakaoma. Kupatsanurwa kwakaoma uye kunyorova kwemupfudze wemombe kunoitwa, uye inokamurwa kuita mvura inoyerera uye inoyerera yakasimba.
②Vaka mabiogas digesters. Vakai tangi rebiogas rinoenderana nehuwandu hwemombe uye mvura inobuda mupurazi remombe. Utsi hwemvura hwakaita seweti yemombe nemvura yekugezeswa hunopinda mubiogas digester kugadzira biogas yekushandisa zuva nezuva, uye biogas slurry inoshandiswa kudiridza mvura nekuisa fetereza mukudyara nekurimisa.
③Kurima makonye. Utsi hwakaoma sendove yemombe inoshandiswa mukurima makonye. Usati wadyisa, murwi wendove yemhou inosanganiswa muchimiro chemutsetse kuti ushande semubhedha wekudya, uye ipapo mbeu dzevhu dzinoiswa. Mushure memazuva manomwe kusvika gumi, makonye anounganidzwa vachishandisa photophobic yavo uye vozogadziriswa.
3. Nzira yekurapa tsvina kubva kudzimba dzemahara
Mhuri dzega-dzega dzinokwanisa kuvaka chirimwa chekuchenesa manyowa uye kushanda pamwe nevarimi vezvirimwa veko kuti vagadzirise mupfudze. Izvi hazvingobatsiri kuraswa kwemupfudze kubva kumapurazi emombe, asi kuti zvinovandudza goho kuburikidza nekugadzirwa kwefetereza. Iyo biogas inogadzirwa inogona kushandiswa muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva hwevanhu. Mhuri yega yega inokwanisa zvakare kushandisa manyowa sefotereza yezvirimwa zvekurima.
Ongororo yezvakanakira magariro uye ecological. Kuburikidza nekupatsanurwa kwakaoma nekunyorova kwemupfudze wemombe, kubudiswa kwemvura kunopinda mubiogas digester kuitira kuviriswa kweanaerobic, uye biogas inogadzirwazve kuti mapurazi emombe abike mvura nekubikwa. Kuvheneka, nezvimwewo, nepo biogas slurry uye biogas inosara ndeyemhando yepamusoro fetiraiza yepapurazi inoshandiswa kudyara mafuro uye kuisa fetiraiza, kwete kuchengetedza fetereza chete, asiwo kuwana "zero emission" yekusvibisa. Kuvakwa kwebiogas digesters hakungopa kurapwa kusina ngozi kwemvura yakasviba, asiwo kunopa simba rakachena. Panguva imwecheteyo, tinofanira kuwedzera mari, kuchengetedza nharaunda, kuvandudza mararamiro ekurima, kusimudzira kubudirira mune zvekurima nekupfuya zvipfuyo, kuwedzera mari yevarimi, uye kusimudzira budiriro yehupfumi hwekumaruwa.
Panguva imwe cheteyo, varimi vakawedzera zvikuru kukurumidza kwekusimudzira upfumi hwenyika kuburikidza nekurima makonye nekudyara uswa, uye zvave kuita kuti varimi veko vapfume nekushanda mumapurazi. Varimi veko havana kungovandudza mararamiro avo chete asi kuti vakachenesa nharaunda yakavapoteredza kuburikidza nekushanda nesimba sekushanda mumapurazi emombe, kudyara huswa hwemafuro, nekusimudza makonye. Izvi zvinogona kuita kuti varimi vari pedyo vasisade kushingirira kunhuwa kwendove yemombe, uye kuva nemari yakanaka yekusimudzira magariro avo.
Kuburikidza nekurapwa kusina njodzi kwetsvina yetsvina, mapurazi emombe anogona kuvandudzwa uye kushandiswa. Mupfudze wemvura unogona kushandiswa kugadzira biogas sehuni inoraramisa vanhu, uye masara ebiogas anogona kushandiswa kudyara zvirimwa nekuisa fetereza. Utsi hwakaoma hunobva mutsvina hunogona kushandiswa pakurima.
Mhedziso: Pakurasa ndove yemombe, kushandura marara kuita zviwanikwa zvinoshandisika hakungogadzirisi zvinobudirira dambudziko rekusvibiswa kwemapurazi emombe, asiwo kunogadzira zvigadzirwa zvemhando yepamusoro zvemimwe minda, zvichiunza pundutso mune zveupfumi. Haigadzirise dambudziko refotereza yezvirimwa chete, asiwo inochengetedza zvakanaka nharaunda inogara vanhu, inoziva kutenderera kwezvakatipoteredza, inowedzera mari yevarimi, uye inoita kuti hupfumi hwekumaruwa husimukire.
Nguva yekutumira: Jun-27-2023